Hypertonic saline improves renal oxygenation, renal function and inflammation following ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury

Introduction The pathogenesis of AKI is characterized by a deterioration in tissue perfusion and oxygenation in combination with inflammation resulting in renal microcirculatory dysfunction and kidney failure. Hypertonic saline (HS) solution increases serum osmolarity which results in an redistribution of fluid from the interstitial and intracellular spaces to the intravascular space potentially improving tissue perfusion (1). It has been suggested that HS has also anti-inflammatory effects (2).